The Merchant of Venice essay free essay sample

Show how William Shakespeare in The Merchant of Venice utilizes juxtaposition, differentiating characterisation and portending to investigate ideasMany artistic gadgets can frequently be utilized to investigate thoughts. William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice has numerous plots and sub-plots with different hidden subjects communicated using artistic gadgets. Shakespeare utilizes comparing settings to show the subject of individuals being effectively debased by the craving of riches and dismissing the estimation of their relational connections; differentiating characterisation to show that individuals are more comparative than they are unique; and foretelling to accentuate that egotism can prompt ones downfall.William Shakespeare utilizes two comparing settings to show that individuals are effortlessly tainted by the longing of riches which makes them dismiss the estimation of connections. All through the play, Shakespeare contrasts Venice and Belmont to show the impact setting plays in the manner and nature of primary characters, for example, Portia and Shylock. We will compose a custom paper test on The Merchant of Venice paper or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Portia is the epitome of the quiet and benevolent nature of Belmont, though Shylock speaks to the ravenousness of Venice as he would prefer his †¦daughter were dead at my [Shylocks] feet wearing those gems while Portia is happy to offer her riches to spare Antonio when she advises Bassanio to Pay him 6,000 and drop the obligation. Id pay twelve thousand preceding Id let a companion like that endure in the smallest in light of you†¦. Belmont is a fanciful spot administered by ladies which is loaded up with peacefulness and solidarity, while Venice is the money related capital clamoring with business and segregation. The scenes continually switch among Belmont and Venice over the span of the bond plot among Antonio and Shylock, and the coffin plot among Portia and Bassanio. Inside these compared settings, the idea of the characters is plainly observed as the intentional juxtaposition of these two settings differentiate the disorderly Venice and the quiet, fantastical Belmont. This is appeared on account of the preliminary when Portia, camouflaged as a legal advisor, shows her graciousness when she discloses to Shylock that The nature of leniency isn't stressed. It droppeth as the delicate downpour from paradise upon the spot underneath. It is twice fortunate: It blesseth him that gives and him that takes†¦. This representation about leniency endeavors to show Belmonts elegance and kindness to Venice, a spot controlled by the rich and the avaricious. †what is unexpected, goals of the topic. Differentiating characterisation is the unmistakable establishment of the play. Albeit differentiating, Antonio and Shylock are more similar than they are unique. As the play unfurls likenesses in Antonio and Shylocks circumstance are made known as the two of them have lost somebody near them. Shylock has lost his little girl Jessica who stole away with Lorenzo, a Christian, while Antonio has lost Bassanio, a dear companion, who left on an excursion to win [Portia]. There is a differentiation in their response to this misfortune as Shylock is angry and goes through the lanes of Venice crying my girl! Goodness, my ducats! over and over. In spite of the fact that derided by the larger part, Shylock thinks about his cash as he viewed her elopement as parade and grieved the loss of his valuable gems. In the mean time, Antonio is tolerating of Bassanios wishes as he helps him in his journey to seek after Portia, the Belmont beneficiary. Another complexity can be made in the manner both Antonio and Shylock are spoken to in the public eye. Despite the fact that Shylock accounts, in the start of the play, the treacheries done to him by Antonio, for example, spiting on him and considering him a pooch, Antonio is lauded by a great many people in the public eye. Bassanio use metaphor to depict his character as he is †¦the kindest man and generally obliging to other people. In the mean time, Shylock, who shows up not to have numerous companions all through the play, is detested by even those near him as Launcelot, his worker, utilizes likeness to compare him to the fallen angel while his little girl censures his way. Shylocks strict status and practice of usury is the fundamental driver for his segregation. Be that as it may, using non-serious inquiries in Shylocks discourse before the preliminary saying, Hath not a Jew eyes?.. . On the off chance that you prick us, do we not drain? On the off chance that you stimulate us, do we not giggle? What's more, in the event that you wrong us, do we not vengeance , Shakespeare enables the crowd to comprehend the impact of separation and bias on the beset minority.Finally, foretelling is utilized to underscore the possibility of presumption being the reason for ones destruction. This topic is continually observed all through the play, with the primary model being when Antonio and Shylock concur on a compensation on the off chance that Antonio can't reimburse the obligation on schedule. Antonio consents to the bond certainly saying that he †¦expect[s] return of threefold multiple times the estimation of this bond†¦. Antonio is sure that all his boat will return securely and will have the option to handily reimburse the bond. Notwithstanding, his certainty is demonstrated to be lost as the greater part his boats were decimated and Antonio winds up nearly losing his life. Shylock is aware of the vulnerability of Antonios riches and makes the bond, realizing that there are numerous things that can occur during the boats journey. Another case of portending is that of Jessicas monolog as Shylock offers her goodnight and disappears, with Jessica saying †¦Farewell; and if my fortune be not crost, I have a dad, you a little girl, lost†¦. This portends how Shylock will lose his little girl on account of her elopement with Lorenzo which happens later in the play. The last model is when Shylock remains under the steady gaze of the court to guarantee his pound of tissue, certain that he can guarantee it and will be secured by the law. This is unexpected since he overlooks all argues of leniency, portending how the court will oust the satisfaction of the bond.Throughout William Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice, Shakespeare utilizes numerous scholarly strategies, for example, juxtaposition, differentiating characterisation and hinting to feature the inconspicuous and hidden subjects present in the play. Juxtaposition is utilized to show the topic of individuals effectively dismissing the estimation of thei r relational connections; differentiating characterisation is utilized to show that individuals are more indistinguishable than they are extraordinary; foretelling is utilized to accentuate that haughtiness can prompt ones destruction.

Greek Stuff

THE ANCIENT GREEKS NAME ___Harrison Funk_________________________________ To finish this worksheet utilize the data found on the accompanying site: http://www. mythologyteacher. com/GreekIntro. html GREEK INTRO 1. At generally what timeframe was the brilliant period of old Greece? 500 B. C. 2. Who was an antiquated Greek author of tales? Homer 3. Who was a Greek mathematician? Pythrogras 4. For what reason should Americans study old Greece? We oew everything to old Greece. GREEK CITY-STATES 5. How is a city-state something beyond a city? It wanted to join a bigger nation. 6.What term was not being used during the brilliant period of Greece? Why not? They didn't state greece so it was dabbed with city-states 7. What is a public square? Gathering of the individuals/town meeting THE LIFE OF A GREEK GIRL 8. How were ladies mistreated in old Greece? Treated with disregard 9. What might occur if a family didn't have a male beneficiary? All riches would go to the nearest male relative 10. A t what age did most young ladies get hitched? 14 11. What is a settlement? Cash merchandise home 12. What was the objective of each Greek spouse? To deliver male beneficiary 13. When was murder totally lawful in old Greece?When somebody was trapped in an undertaking with a wedded ladies. THE LIFE OF A GREEK BOY 14. What is a Greek aphorism about their infant kids? In the event that its a kid keep it and if its a young lady uncover it 15. What function did young men experience before turning out to be men? They trim their hair 16. Young men were sent to do what at eighteen years old? Left for a long time for military purposes. 17. What does the word gymnos mean? Means wearing no garments 18. To what extent were men dependent upon the military draft? Two years 19. What is a lyre? harp 20. What is talk? Is enticing speaking 21.What was the Greek word for one who takes an interest in sport challenges? 22. What was a critic? 23. What was the most perilous Greek game? 24. What is the â₠¬Å"bible of the Greeks†? 25. The gym was the old antecedent of what present day foundation? 26. What were the two devices educators used to show perusing and composing? 27. When did instruction end for most young men? 28. For what reason were Greek men expected to keep their bodies fit as a fiddle? GREEK RELIGION 29. As indicated by the Greek good code, what two wrongdoings were capital offenses? 30. Clarify how Greece didn't have a severe strict code: 31.Spotting what sort of feathered creature during the daytime prognosticated passing? 32. What could clerics tell from an animal’s organs? 33. What does serendipitous mean? 34. What is a pantheon? 35. What is prognostication? 36. What for the most part happened after a Greek penance? 37. Where did the Oracle of Delphi sit? 38. Which god or goddess was generally respected in Athens? 39. Whom did lords counsel to become familiar with their future? GREEK DEMOCRACY 40. How did residents vote here and there vote in Athens? 41 . What gatherings were avoided from Athenian citizenship? 42. What kind of majority rule government did Athens have? GREEK OLYMPICS 43. When did the principal Olympics happen? 4. What Olympic challenge was held at the Olympian hippodrome? 45. Were the Olympics the main games held in antiquated Greece? 46. What was the Heraia? 47. What are the five games in the pentathlon? SPARTA 48. How were the lives of Spartan ladies not quite the same as the lives of Athenian ladies? 49. Sparta was one of only a handful barely any social orders to create no _______. 50. Straightforward young men began their preparation at what age? 51. Austere young men were yearly lashed for what reason? 52. What did an apprenticeship of a little youngster to a more seasoned kid achieve? 53. How were Spartan young men instructed secrecy? 54.What did the Spartans do with their undesirable kids? Hurl them of a bluff 55. What story showed the Spartan order? 56. What was a Spartan wedding night custom? 57. What word is an equivalent word for gorge? 58. Sparta was totally devoted to the specialty of what? HIPPOCRATES 59. Hippocrates is frequently called: 60. What number of youngsters kicked the bucket in antiquated Greece before the age of ten? 61. What is siphoning? 62. Think of one line from the Hippocratic Oath: ALEXANDER THE GREAT 63. How old was Alexander the Great when he turned into the King of Macedon? 64. What did Alexander spread far and wide? 65.What realm did Alexander win? 66. What did Alexander the incredible kick the bucket of? 67. For what reason was Alexander an effective champion? SOCRATES and PLATO 68. How was Socrates not the same as the skeptics? 69. Who were the â€Å"scientists† of old Greek? 70. I'm not catching philosophy's meaning in Greek? 71. What toxin did Socrates drink? 72. What is the Socratic Method? 73. What was Plato’s Academy named for? 74. What was the charge brought against Socrates? HOMER, THE ILIAD and ODYSSEY 75. How was the dull time of Gr eece not quite the same as the brilliant period of Greece? 76. What are three gossipy tidbits concerning Homer the writer? 77.What is a â€Å"epic poem†? 78. What is the plot of the Odyssey? 79. What began the Trojan War? 80. When did the â€Å"real† Trojan War most likely happen? 81. Which improved: the Iliad or Odyssey? Why? HERODOTUS 82. Herodotus is frequently called: 83. What wars did Herodotus expound on? 84. What else did Herodotus expound on? 85. What is â€Å"western civilization†? GREEK SLAVERY 86. Most Greek family units had what number of slaves? 87. What does others conscious mean? 88. What is the rack? 89. What were legal advisors permitted to do to slaves so as to get data? 90. What were three employments a slave may get? 91.Where did the Greeks get their slaves? Demise and BURIAL 92. Greeks accepted your soul could never be very still if: 93. What were two capital offenses in old Greece? 94. What is a festoon? 95. What is a drink? GREEK WARFARE 9 6. How did one warship rout another? 97. How did the rowers on a warship keep in time with one another? 98. Sparta was known for its infantry; Athens was known for its ________. 99. What is a hoplite? 100. Where did Sparta and Athens quit King Xerxes’ walk into Greece? 101. What is a phalanx? GREEK THEATER 102. What number of onlookers could be situated in the theatron? 03. What enhanced the voices of Greek on-screen characters? 104. What are satyrs? 105. What does vulgar mean in Greek? 106. What advancement did Sophocles make? 107. What is a chorale? 108. What is cleansing? 109. What dramatic development did the writer Aeschylus think of? 110. What sort of play is an unrefined satire? 111. What sort of play tells the ruin of a respectable character? 112. Who was the supporter divine force of the theater? 113. Whose sentiment did the theme speak to in Greek plays? 114. For what reason are present day on-screen characters called actors? 115. Which kind of play ridiculed day by day life in Athens?

Look Back in Anger Themes

Significant Themes The Angry Young Man Osborne's play was the first to investigate the topic of the â€Å"Angry Young Man. † This term depicts an age of post-World War II specialists and common laborers men who by and large attributed to radical, in some cases rebel, legislative issues and social perspectives. As per social pundits, these youngsters were not a piece of any sorted out development but rather were, rather, people furious at a post-Victorian Britain that would not recognize their social and class distance. Jimmy Porter is frequently viewed as writing's original case of the irate youthful man.Jimmy resents the social and political structures that he accepts has shielded him from accomplishing his fantasies and desires. He coordinates this indignation towards his companions and, most eminently, his significant other Alison. The Kitchen Sink Drama Kitchen Sink show is a term used to mean plays that depend on authenticity to investigate household social relations. Aut henticity, in British theater, was first tried different things with in the late nineteenth and mid twentieth century by such dramatists as George Bernard Shaw. This type endeavored to catch the lives of the British high society in a manner that practically mirrored the common dramatization of administering class British society. Related article: Eric Bartels My Problem With Her AngerAccording to numerous pundits, by the mid-twentieth century the class of authenticity had gotten drained and dull. Osborne's play returned creative mind to the Realist classification by catching the indignation and promptness of post-war youth culture and the estrangement that brought about the British common laborers. Think Back in Angerâ was ready to remark on a scope of household social difficulties in this timespan. Above all, it had the option to catch, through the character of Jimmy Porter, the outrage of this age rotted just beneath the outside of world class British culture.Loss of Childhood A subject that impacts the characters of Jimmy and Alison Porter is the possibility of a lost adolescence. Osborne utilizes explicit models †the passing of Jimmy's dad when Jimmy was just ten, and how he had to watch the physical and mental destruction of the man †to exhibit the manner by which Jimmy is compelled to manage experiencing an early age. Alison's loss of youth is best found in the manner that she had to grow up excessively quick by wedding Jimmy. Her childhood is squandered in the outrage and misuse that her better half levels upon her.Osborne recommends that an age of British youth has encountered this equivalent loss of youth blamelessness. Osborne utilizes the instances of World War, the improvement of the nuclear bomb, and the decrease of the British Empire to show how a whole culture has lost the honesty that different ages had the option to keep up. Genuine In the play, Jimmy Porter is overwhelmed by the craving to live an all the more genuine and full life. He thinks about this deep longing to the unfilled activities and perspectives of others. From the start, he sums up this vacancy by censuring the careless composition and assessments of those in the newspapers.He at that point turns his furious look to everyone around him and near him, Alison, Helena, and Cliff. Osborne's content ion in the play for a genuine is one in which men are permitted to feel a full scope of feelings. The most genuine of these feelings is outrage and Jimmy accepts that this annoyance is his method for really living. This thought was novel in British auditorium during the play's unique run. Osborne contended in expositions and reactions that, until his play, British performance center had subsumed the feelings of characters rendering them less sensible. Jimmy's longing for a genuine is an endeavor to reestablish crude feeling to the theater. Sloth in British CultureJimmy Porter analyzes his mission for a progressively dynamic and passionate life to the laziness of his general surroundings. Note that Jimmy doesn't consider the to be around him as dead, however only snoozing in some key way. This is an almost negligible difference that Osborne strolls all through the play. Jimmy never contends that there is an agnosticism inside British culture. Rather, he sees a sort of indolence of ch aracter. His displeasure is an endeavor to stir everyone around him from this social rest. This indolence of feeling is best found in the connection among Alison and Cliff. Alison depicts her relationship with Cliff as â€Å"comfortable. They are truly and genuinely loving with one another, however neither appears to need to take their enthusiasm to another degree of closeness. Along these lines, their relationship is languid. They can't stir enough enthusiasm to perfect their issue. Jimmy appears to subliminally get this, which is the explanation he isn't envious of their warmth towards each other. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire The character of Colonel Redfern, Alison's dad, speaks to the decay of and sentimentality for the British Empire. The Colonel had been positioned for a long time in India, an image of Britain's magnificent venture into the world.The Edwardian age which related to Britain's tallness of intensity, had been the most joyful of his life. His wistfulnes s is illustrative of the forswearing that Osborne finds in the mind of the British individuals. The world has proceeded onward into an American age, he contends, and the individuals of the country can't comprehend why they are not, at this point the world's most noteworthy force. Manliness in Art Osborne has been blamed by pundits for sexist perspectives in his plays. Many point to Look Back in Angerâ as the main model. These pundits blame Osborne for celebrating youthful male outrage and savagery towards ladies and homosexuals.This is found in the play in explicit models in which Jimmy Porter sincerely bothers Alison, his better half, and conveys a frightful monolog in which he wants for Alison's mom's passing. Osborne, in any case, attests that he is endeavoring to reestablish a dream of genuine manliness into a twentieth century culture that he sees as getting progressively feminized. This feminization is found in the manner that British culture shows a â€Å"indifference to an ything other than quick, individual torment. † This causes deadness inside which Jimmy's instinctive annoyance and manly feeling is reprisal against.

Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond - 825 Words

Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond - A Systematic Summary and Review (Book Review Sample) Content: Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond - A Systematic Summary and ReviewNameInstitution AffiliationGuns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond- A Systematic Summary and ReviewIn Guns, Germs and Steel, bestselling author Jared Diamond puts up a spirited argument in providing explanations of the wealth disparity in the world today. The book is an argument laced with literary artisanship with the main preoccupation of providing justifications of why some communities are more successful materially than others. In this endeavor, Diamond suggests that the current world inequity can be conceived historically in the context of the use of steel, animal domestication, food production and geographical disparities. In offering an account of more than 13,000 years, Diamond puts up a convincing case that geography and the environment in general (and not race or biology) are the most significant variables that can be used to explain regional socio-economic disparities. The writer uses a variety of writing techniques including narrations to provide insights and offer a fresh access to reality by espousing the specific mechanisms through which some communities amassed material wealth more than others and sometimes, at the expense of others.One of the key ideas in the book that has also subjected it to intense criticism is the argument that European powers never obtained the systemic power through the greatness of skill or mind. Drawing from the perspectives that shaped world history, Diamond gathers evidence relating to settler colonialism and its associated hazards, which ostensibly led to what he refers to as "geographic luck." According to him, the systemic powers characteristic of the most developed parts of the world was not acquired through deliberate effort, but a pure chance occasioned by the functional mechanisms of racism. Moreover, Guns, Germs and Steel discusses the various factors that led to Eurasia getting ahead of the rest of the world especially envi ronmental differences. The book gets more interesting at the point where Diamond singles out the differences between flora and fauna that are fit for domestication as a factor that explains socio-economic disparities between Eurasia and the rest of the world. International geographical barriers, isolation of some sections of the world and axes are some considerations Diamond also appeals to as possible explanations for wealth disparities.From a general perspective, it is easy to see that Diamondà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s major concern in the book is to provide not only an explanation for world inequity based on geographical and environmental differences but also squash any such arguments that are hinged on racial differences. More aptly, Diamond argues that there is no fundamental difference between races. To support his arguments, he draws a comparison between individuals living in harsh conditions in New Guinea and those living lavish lives in Europe to make the point that living in harsh condi tions require more intelligence. Using a narration to this effect, Diamond appeals to the laws of social Darwinism to explain that if any explanation of racial superiority as a basis for world inequality is to be accepted, New Guinea must be justified as among the richest since its peoples are "more intelligent" based on the fact that they can survive harsh climatic conditions. From the second chapter of the book, Diamond unsurprisingly adopts an anecdotal approach discussing some of the tenet themes of the book through his encounters with the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"primitive people especially with the manner in which they adapt to technology. The major argument that Diamond succeeds in providing in the narrations of his encounters is that technology is essentially due to innovativeness and that given similar conditions, all races can be equally innovative.In the last half of the book, Diamond provides the specific agricultural, cultural and social practices that led to world inequality. Ea ch chapter of the book addresses a specific mechanism providing the situational factors that led to gross economic disparities on the planet. In chapter 13, Necessityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Mother, Diamond puts forth one of his clearest explanations of world inequality by explaining how early models of inventions were received differently in different parts of the world. He argues that in the ancient times, early forms of civilization (technology) were incorporated into the society based on their social prestige, economic significance, visibility of its proceeds and its compatibility with the status quo. Further, he explains how the successful adoption of technology can make a community more superior than the other and this explanation is a microcosm of the larger story in Guns, Germs and Steel that seeks to answer Yalià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s question: Why are some communities more prosperous than others are? The chronology with which Diamond explains technology, its reception in the society and how this influences that particular society with respect to the other is a systematic and structu... Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond - 825 Words Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond - A Systematic Summary and Review (Book Review Sample) Content: Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond - A Systematic Summary and ReviewNameInstitution AffiliationGuns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond- A Systematic Summary and ReviewIn Guns, Germs and Steel, bestselling author Jared Diamond puts up a spirited argument in providing explanations of the wealth disparity in the world today. The book is an argument laced with literary artisanship with the main preoccupation of providing justifications of why some communities are more successful materially than others. In this endeavor, Diamond suggests that the current world inequity can be conceived historically in the context of the use of steel, animal domestication, food production and geographical disparities. In offering an account of more than 13,000 years, Diamond puts up a convincing case that geography and the environment in general (and not race or biology) are the most significant variables that can be used to explain regional socio-economic disparities. The writer uses a variety of writing techniques including narrations to provide insights and offer a fresh access to reality by espousing the specific mechanisms through which some communities amassed material wealth more than others and sometimes, at the expense of others.One of the key ideas in the book that has also subjected it to intense criticism is the argument that European powers never obtained the systemic power through the greatness of skill or mind. Drawing from the perspectives that shaped world history, Diamond gathers evidence relating to settler colonialism and its associated hazards, which ostensibly led to what he refers to as "geographic luck." According to him, the systemic powers characteristic of the most developed parts of the world was not acquired through deliberate effort, but a pure chance occasioned by the functional mechanisms of racism. Moreover, Guns, Germs and Steel discusses the various factors that led to Eurasia getting ahead of the rest of the world especially envi ronmental differences. The book gets more interesting at the point where Diamond singles out the differences between flora and fauna that are fit for domestication as a factor that explains socio-economic disparities between Eurasia and the rest of the world. International geographical barriers, isolation of some sections of the world and axes are some considerations Diamond also appeals to as possible explanations for wealth disparities.From a general perspective, it is easy to see that Diamondà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s major concern in the book is to provide not only an explanation for world inequity based on geographical and environmental differences but also squash any such arguments that are hinged on racial differences. More aptly, Diamond argues that there is no fundamental difference between races. To support his arguments, he draws a comparison between individuals living in harsh conditions in New Guinea and those living lavish lives in Europe to make the point that living in harsh condi tions require more intelligence. Using a narration to this effect, Diamond appeals to the laws of social Darwinism to explain that if any explanation of racial superiority as a basis for world inequality is to be accepted, New Guinea must be justified as among the richest since its peoples are "more intelligent" based on the fact that they can survive harsh climatic conditions. From the second chapter of the book, Diamond unsurprisingly adopts an anecdotal approach discussing some of the tenet themes of the book through his encounters with the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"primitive people especially with the manner in which they adapt to technology. The major argument that Diamond succeeds in providing in the narrations of his encounters is that technology is essentially due to innovativeness and that given similar conditions, all races can be equally innovative.In the last half of the book, Diamond provides the specific agricultural, cultural and social practices that led to world inequality. Ea ch chapter of the book addresses a specific mechanism providing the situational factors that led to gross economic disparities on the planet. In chapter 13, Necessityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Mother, Diamond puts forth one of his clearest explanations of world inequality by explaining how early models of inventions were received differently in different parts of the world. He argues that in the ancient times, early forms of civilization (technology) were incorporated into the society based on their social prestige, economic significance, visibility of its proceeds and its compatibility with the status quo. Further, he explains how the successful adoption of technology can make a community more superior than the other and this explanation is a microcosm of the larger story in Guns, Germs and Steel that seeks to answer Yalià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s question: Why are some communities more prosperous than others are? The chronology with which Diamond explains technology, its reception in the society and how this influences that particular society with respect to the other is a systematic and structu...

The Promotion Of Oral Language - 1561 Words

The last forty years have brought sweeping changes in literacy education with constant new information available on how children learn language and become literate (Fountas Pinnell, 1996). But the grounding for all progression, as asserted by Browne (2001) is that ‘learning to read and write are founded upon children’s oral language†¦pupils learning depends on growing competence in language modes (read and write) which grow out of their ability to speak and listen’. This is also advocated by Fricke et al (2013:280) stating that the promotion of oral language skills are a secure foundation to build on for literacy. The quality of the child’s language is determined by the stimuli of experiences and interests, from both outside and inside the school, which can be used by the teacher to support the child’s involvement with literacy by providing those interests with meaning and purpose, and by explicitly linking them ‘between spoken and writt en language in order to effect the bridge that is so powerful for literacy development’ (Reid, 1993 cited Riley, 1996). So what is reading? It is a highly complicated process involving how to make meaning from printed symbols and understanding the black marks on the page and the demanding knowledge of syntax (sentence structure). Recognising the small round letters is not easy as upper case letters are different to lower case, so there are actually 43 letters to recognise. Additionally, there are 44 letter-sound relationshipsShow MoreRelatedTanglewood Case 41587 Words   |  7 Pagesexam, and personality exam. 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Children and youth with or without disabilities or mental illness can benefit from occupational therapy in the schools and in their everyday life. Occupational therapy can help all children â€Å"develop and maintain

The Strategy And Priorities Of The Product Service

1. SUMMARY The base line of this case study is to identify a service along with three different providers of that service and compare the different competitive priorities and operating strategies such as cost, quality, time, flexibility, product range†¦ etc. for these three different service providers with the help of â€Å"COMPETITIVE PRIORITIES BY KRAJEWSKI RITZMAN† and â€Å"ORDER WINNING CRITERIA BY T. HILL† . Each and every corporate objectives and marketing strategies are taken into deliberation to comprehend how the services win orders in the market place, by taking source from the particular provider’s promotional information and reviews. Every service developers comes up with disparate new ideas to provide best service quality to the costumers. Some of the provider’s concentrate on wide range of the services and some on low cost and some of them concentrate on quality in the service, because every costumer will have different personalized priorities. In this study we are going to compare operations strategy and priorities of the product service that is being provided to the costumer. The below disquisition depends predominantly on the advancement information of the manufacturer and costumer reviews on the service. 2. SERVICES A service is an activity or series of activities of more or less intangible nature that normally, but not necessarily, take place in interactions between costumer and service providers or physical resources or system of the service providers which areShow MoreRelatedOperation Strategy Within an Organization1287 Words   |  6 PagesOperation Strategy within an Organization Raven Davis MGT 4850 Operation Strategy within an Organization Operation strategy has been defined as â€Å"the development of a long term plan for using the major resources of the firm for a high degree of culpability between these resources and the firm’s long term corporate strategy.† (Davis, 2007) Operation strategy is a very important function for any organization. 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Corporate strategy provides overall direction, which provides theRead MoreLom Assignment850 Words   |  4 Pagessite enjoys millions of â€Å"hits† each day and put s customers in touch with millions of services and products. What are Amazon.com’s competitive priorities and what should its operations strategy focus on? The competitive priorities of Amazon are †¢ Variety ( it offers millions of services and products),. †¢ Low-cost (online sales), †¢ consistent quality †¢ delivery speed In my opinion its operations strategy should focus on Customer relationship-Variety. Amazon.com uses information technologyRead MoreLom5 Chapter 61519 Words   |  7 PagesLOM 5 A Question 2: What are Amazon.com’s competitive priorities and what should its operation strategy focus on? Competitive priorities: - Keep the position of market leader. - Maintain the fast delivery. - Low price focus - User friendly website. 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The highly spiritedRead MoreCompetitive Priorities of Amul1092 Words   |  5 PagesDefinition of Operations Strategy: Operations strategy is the total patterns of decisions and actions which set the role, objectives and activities of the operation so that they contribute to, and support, the organization’s business strategy. Operations strategy addresses very broad questions about how these major resources should be configured to achieve the desired corporate objectives. Some of the major long-term issues addressed in operations strategy include: * How big to make

Gut Feeling free essay sample

My friend Jerome called me talking about a party that was supposed to be the party of the year across town. My gut was telling me it was a bad idea, because across town were our rivals, Alcovy. A lot of animosity was built up from the game the other night. The game was so intense the basketball teams were even getting hostile towards one another. Once again that was my gut. My mind was telling me to go have fun. â€Å"What can possibly happen? I told myself. â€Å"My boys are going to be there. † As it got closer to the afternoon, more and more people began to tell me about this party. So my mind was made up that I was going. Problem was I didn’t want to tell my mom. She’s the type to go into a lecture about fighting, curfew, all the stuff mothers worry about. We will write a custom essay sample on Gut Feeling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Honestly I wasn’t trying to sit through or hear all that, but I couldn’t lie to her so I told her. Two hours later I’m getting off the couch trying to shake out the cob webs from my ears. Some of what she was saying was processing in my head, but my main focus was on how the girls were going to look at the party.So you know I had to bring out one of my best outfit. As it came closer and closer to party time I began to think about what my gut was telling me earlier. â€Å"Don’t go† is what I kept hearing in my head. All I repeated to myself was that nothing was going to happen and I have nothing to worry about. My friend Jerome called me again and asked can he ride with me. Of course with him being my friend I said yes. I hopped in the shower, threw on my clothes, and was on my way to pick up Jerome. When I pulled up, his mother answered the door. When I walked through the door I saw Jerome on the couch.His mom was giving him the same lecture my mother gave me. When she was done we jumped in my beat up Ford Explorer. As we pulled up to the party I could see something hanging out his pants where his waist was. It was a gun. I pulled into the parking lot and before he could step out the car I grabbed him. I asked him why he brought the gun. He told me just in case anything popped off. I shook my head and got out the car. I told him to keep it in the car. The party was on point like I knew it was going to be. Then I saw my crush, Taija Bradley. I’ve had a crush on her since 9th grade.She had short hair with beautiful brown eyes. Her body made everybody double-take. This was my chance to actually talk to her face to face. As I approached her Tamarco Robins intercepted. Tamarco was the man at Alcovy. But with me being who I am I didn’t let that stop me. As he was talking to her I grabbed her hand and pulled her my way. Tamarco was heated. The whole part he began to mug me as I was dancing with Taija. The party was coming to an end, and I had got Taija number. When I turned around Tamarco was standing in my face. He pushed me and his boys surrounded me. I looked and my boys rushed in.Next thing I know there is a big brawl inside the party. Security got between us and broke us up. All I could hear was Tamarco and his crew talking about continuing the fight outside. So my friends and I looked at each other and proceeded outside. When we got outside Tamarco’s brother was at his car. As I turned around Tamarco punched me. I fell to the ground. When I got up I saw everybody fighting. Then I turn around and seen Tamarco’s brother coming towards the crowd with a gun. Before I could say anything he began to shoot. Everybody started to scatter. When he was done shooting, Tamarco and his boys got in their cars and left.I began to look around and saw somebody lying on the ground. â€Å"Jerome† I said to myself. I ran to him screaming his name. As I got to him I rolled him over and I could see he was shot twice. He was shot in the back and the chest. My friends and I put him in my truck and we took him to the hospital. Two hours had past, and his family and friends were in the waiting room. As we waited all I could think about was him. This was my fault for getting into it with Tamarco. All I wanted was revenge. When the doctor came out everyone stood up and waited for him to tell us what condition Jerome was in.Jerome didn’t make it he told us. It was like the world came to an abrupt halt. I had lost my best friend to nothing. My friend I had known my whole life was gone in one night. I turned to his mother and hugged her real tight as tears ran down my face onto her shoulder. To this day I think about him. The brother I always wanted. My gut feeling was right. I should have never gone to that party. Nothing was worth losing my best friend. He taught me a great lesson. Before you make an important decision, think about all the consequences. You never know how severe they may be.

Poverty Research Proposal

Table of Contents Introduction Problem statement Significance of the study Relevant Literature Review Methodology Conclusion References Introduction For a long time, poverty has been perceived to constitute lack or inadequacy of basic needs, including food, clothing, and shelter. The levels by which different societies achieve these three basic essentials vary, and this explains the differences in poverty levels among different societies. Today, America is described to have the highest level of poverty rate compared to other industrialized countries (Garcia, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Poverty: Research Proposal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To justify this, the recent and most current statistics from the Census Bureau shows that the level and rate of poverty in USA is increasing, with minority ethnic groups being the most disadvantaged (Dye, 2010). In the past, numerous poverty reducti on policies have been formulated and implemented, but their overall impact remains below expectations, as the main beneficiaries are the middle class in expense of the poor (Dye, 2010). Therefore, the situation calls for paradigm shift in policy formulation and implementation. Problem statement In the year 2010, poverty rate in USA stood at 15.1% up from 14.3% recorded in the previous year-2009 (USA Census Bureau, 2011). At the same time, it was noted that poverty rate for the last four years has been increasing at an estimated rate of 2.6%. On overall, in 2010, estimates indicated that about 46.2 million Americans are poor and the rate of poverty increased was observed to affect almost all major ethnic groups in America: Whites, African American, Asians, Hispanic (USA Census Bureau, 2011). Furthermore, the 2010 official statistics indicated the highest rate of poverty the country had experienced and recorded since 1993. Therefore, in order to address this issue of increasing povert y, there is need to conduct an action research that investigates public policy initiatives in USA with regard to poverty, and subsequently propose the most effective public policy that can be pursued successfully. Significance of the study Poverty remains an issue that ought to be addressed in the American society as a way of achieving the American Dream. Social inclusion goals and objectives postulate that, the well-being of humankind is the essence of stability, peace, and societal development.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, addressing poverty is one way of achieving social inclusion goals. At the same time, there is need for an effective public policy that comprehensively addresses the issues of poverty in the country. Therefore, this study possesses the ability to create a sound body of knowledge that in turn can be used to create an effective public policy f ramework. Relevant Literature Review Poverty level in USA is increasing at gradual rate, and the overall impact of this to the society is huge (Garcia, 2011). Addressing poverty has assumed and utilized unilateral public policy models that in turn have led to inadequacy in tackling the issue of poverty. For instance, many of the convectional poverty policies address education, employment, social security, health, economic growth, and tax (Anonymous, 2006). This has been done in separatedness and the result has been construction, formulation, and implementation of skewed and weak poverty reduction models. There is need to establish broad-based understanding of poverty and know that it interplays with other factors and elements simultaneously, hence any attempt to address poverty requires addressing the interplay of accompanying factors. According to Corak (2005), in order to fight poverty, social and physical infrastructure and services can be funded and maintained effectively if the target groups are involved in designing, implementing, and monitoring them, as well as in ensuring accountability of the government officials responsible for such policies. Methodology Primary and secondary research methods will be utilized, where primary data will be generated through actual field research techniques, while secondary data will be generated from works already done in the field. Furthermore, reliability and validity of information will be enhanced through use of both quantitative and qualitative techniques. This will see the use of questionnaires, field interviews, poverty program surveys, and in-depth discussion. The aim of this will be to ensure that the public policy to be designed captures the aspect and essence of poverty and subsequent reduction strategies in broad perspective.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Poverty: Research Proposal specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion P overty remains a social issue that requires clear strategies of addressing it. Efforts in the past have bore fruits, but given recent trends of increasing cases of poverty in the society, there is an urgent need to address poverty comprehensively. It is from this fact that it is recommended that addressing poverty in modern America require an action plan originating from an inclusive and integrated social equity policy strategy. References Anonymous. (2006). How can we solve the problem of poverty. Web. Corak, M (2005). Equality of Opportunity and Inequality across the Generations: Challenges Ahead. Policy Options, 26(3), 78–83. Dye, T.R. (2010). Understanding public policy (13th ed.). Longman: Pearson Prentice Hall. Garcia, G. (2011). Mexican American and Immigrant Poverty in the United States. NY: Springer. USA Census Bureau. (2011). ‘Poverty Highlights. USA Federal Press. Web. This research paper on Poverty: Research Proposal was written and submitted by user Mikaela Patrick to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Lets Party!

Lets Party! Lets Party! Lets Party! By Maeve Maddox From a reader comes the question: Could you cover the term carousing and how to use it correctly, along with other party-related terms? Thanks! Carousing suggests noisy, drunken celebration. People leaving bars singing and shouting can be said to be carousing. Examples: The neighbors caroused into the early morning hours. Jack and his friends were carousing in Florida when the accident occurred. The word comes from Middle French carousser drink, quaff, swill. Swill, as a verb, suggests piggish over-indulgence: He swilled one drink after another. Here are some other expressions, some of them euphemisms, for partying in the sense of over-indulging in drink or other mood-enhancers. celebrate party party down rave it up make merry paint the town (paint the town red) whoop it up let your hair down live it up have a ball have a wild time have an orgy (connotes sexual indulgence as well as inebriation) who live at her mansion, Ekeby Manor, and work in her iron mine. These men, the Cavalieri di Ekebu, are certainly a carousing bunch of good-for-nothings. But Giosta joins them, and through various plot contrivances everyone is redeemed (www.nytimes.com) of marches and parties that can easily overwhelm even the most extroverted among us. But there are plenty of ways to celebrate Pride away from some of the weekend’s most crowded events - including Ms. Minogue’s Sunday appearance a (www.nytimes.com) national Democrats have celebrated the President Trump-inspired surge of activist energy coursing through the party in their efforts to take control of the House, many of those same leaders have moved to tame that energy, from Co (www.nytimes.com) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and ExpressionsHang, Hung, Hanged50 Tips on How to Write Good

Discuss Hurricane Katrina Impact on Bermuda and International Research Proposal

Discuss Hurricane Katrina Impact on Bermuda and International Insurance Markets, and Explain How Storm Affected Our Attitudes Towards Insurance - Research Proposal Example We observed the complete lack of communication between federal government, state government, and the cities, officials. Inefficiency, no initiative, no clear leadership, delay in every action, and overall chaos can characterize the behavior of those who should try to prevent and minimize the damages. And on top of everything, most of the areas and people hit and affected by the Katrina were not prepared for the scale of disaster. Katrina was hugely devastating and the magnitude of its damage will linger probably for some time, in areas affected and in minds of people who witnessed that disaster. However, the federal and state officials, as well as ordinary people can derive a lesson from Katrina. This was not the first such disaster, and it surely was not the last one (Hayhurst, 2007). According to earth scientist, due to changes in climate and global warming, hurricanes and other natural disasters will appear more frequently. How can we, ordinary citizens as well as officials on different levels, prevent such after-disaster crisis? How can we better manage crisis? Are there ways to diminish peoples suffering? And mostly importantly, who should pay for everything? Money is always crucial issue and in situation of such crisis it takes another meaning. We have to be aware of the fact that we cannot rely always on the others for help. In many critical situations, we have to come up with our own solutions to the problems. In this case study, the situation of an average family living in the hurricane-prone area is analyzed. The analysis is performed on different levels. First, we closely look at the prevention and avoiding severe crisis due to disaster. We, as humans, cannot control nature, but we can and should take every measure to protect human life in the face of a disaster. Therefore, what measures people should take to protect themselves and their personal

Language development& early literacy in multilingual context Essay

Language development& early literacy in multilingual context - Essay Example In multilingual contexts, the learning experience and process of the first language significantly affects the acquisition of the second and other additional languages (Robertson and Nunn 2006). Basing on this, this essay tries to highlight the role of an early childhood practitioner in the learning process. It highlights the appropriate planning and implementation of the learning process in such contexts. This essay explains the childhood language learning process, together with the factors affecting language development. It also discusses the current approaches in childhood language learning and gives ways that can be used to improve the process. Before writing this essay, a number of ethical issues and confidentiality have been taken into account. The first thing that has been taken into account is to provide information that has no bias. This essay tries to provide practices and theories that can be used all over the world to better the learning process in early childhood learning centers. In addition to this, this essay cites all the sources from which the information used has been obtained. This will help readers to read more about the topic in case they need more inf ormation (Wang 2011). Language development at an early age is an important process and needs keen concern and support. It forms the foundation on which future language learning and literacy acquisition is build. The degree and ease with which children learn a language can also be a great predictor of future academic success and has many long-term implications in the social and economic sectors. This affects the development and interactivity of individuals in a family and in the society. Many things in the society affect language learning at an early age. This is because, during the learning process, a child always interprets information from the environment and forms his or her own perceptions of what language is and of how to

First national bank case study Essay Example for Free

First national bank case study Essay A brand is the idea or image of a specific product or service that consumers connect with, by identifying the name, logo, slogan, or design of the company who owns the idea or image. Branding is when that idea or image is marketed so that it is recognizable by more and more people, and identified with a certain service or product when there are many other companies offering the same service or product. Advertising professionals work on branding not only to build brand recognition, but also to build good reputations and a set of standards to which the company should strive to maintain or surpass. Branding is an important part of Internet commerce, as branding allows companies to build their reputations as well as expand beyond the original product and service, and add to the revenue generated by the original brand. When working on branding, or building a brand, companies that are using web pages and search engine optimization have a few details to work out before being able to build a successful brand. Coordinating domain names and brand names are an important part of finding and keeping visitors and clients, as well as branding a new company. Coordination of a domain name and brand names lends identification to the idea or image of a specific product or service, which in turn lets visitors easily discovery the new brand. Branding is also a way to build an important company asset, which is a good reputation. Whether a company has no reputation, or a less than stellar reputation, branding can help change that. Branding can build an expectation about the company services or products, and can encourage the company to maintain that expectation, or exceed them, bringing better products and services to the market place. 1.2 Audi: commodity, products, company, brand? differentiates between a brand and a commodity by stating that â€Å"Branding is associated with added costs in the form of marketing, labelling, packaging and promotion. Commodities are ‘unbranded’ or undifferentiated products. distinguish the difference between a product and a brand, by saying, that a product â€Å"is anything that meets the functional [tangible] needs of customers†. In this context, one can say that a commodity represents basic, unbranded products such as Steel or other raw materials. However, products represent the next level, in this case it is automobiles. As a result, the brand level, which has intangible benefits, is represented by a particular brand in the automobile industry. However, Audi is a company brand which means, that the â€Å"name of the company identifies the brand†. This view is supported by Kapferer (2004, p.5) and Olins (2008, p.52) who both state that the corporate name is used at the same time as the name of the brand. 1.3.AUDI – major characteristics Audi is the jewel of the crown within Volkswagen group as well as the driving force of growth. Until the mid-1990s, Audi cars were still seen as poor mans Mercedes or BMWs. However, since the 1996 A4 and then the head-turning TT, Audi has established itself as a leader in style and quality. Its technology also shines in powerful turbocharged engines, quattro 4WD, aluminum spaceframe chassis and advanced transmissions. Now Audi has become a strong premium brand like BMW and Mercedes-Benz. The lifestyle of many people has changed in the sense that, there is a development towards an environmentally friendly way of life and Audi should take advantage of this. Even though Audi already takes necessary steps toward the protection of the environment, it should emphasise that it’s a hydrogen combustion Strategy is competitive to BMW’s engine for example. Audi should aim to become the economic and environmental leader in the worldwide automobile market. Audi should expand their brands on the worldwide market and emphasise their different price ranges and target markets in order to create customer loyalty and affection for the brand. Furthermore, Audi should be aware that there are still new customers entering the market, for example young people. By targeting this group, Audi has the chance to mature with this audience, which supports the establishment of customer loyalty. In this context, After Sales Service plays an important role in maintaining the customers and encouraging repeat purchase. Audi should aim to improve customer satisfaction and brand image through enhanced dealer networks and an upgraded service. Furthermore, Audi did considerably well in surviving the economic crisis, not just because of their high brand equity and their excellent sales in the last year. However, in expanding this equity in the future, financial backing could be established, which could help Audi to become number one worldwide, and help Audi perform better against the competition. This emotional relationship should be expanded by continuing to offer high quality cars to every segment of society, ranging from young drivers to old, loyal drivers.

ENFOREX and don Quijote Spanish schools :: ENFOREX and don Quijote Spanish schools

Hello, I am writing to introduce myself to those of you have not met me. My name is Antonio Anadon and I’m the president of ENFOREX and don Quijote Spanish schools. We have 32 schools throughout Spain and Mexico and 30 partner schools in the rest of the world. It took us a long time to build the leading Spanish language school organization in the world. By now, you should have received the sad news that AmeriSpan can no longer continue as an agency. ENFOREX has been trying for years to help John, Dorioara and AmeriSpan return to financial strength but the situation is a disaster and impossible. Like you, ENFOREX has not been receiving sufficient payments for the last five years and this is a major financial loss of $300,000 for our organization. After much thought, I have decided that it is in the best interests of the study abroad industry that AmeriSpan’s problem does not cause any more problems in the industry. I have decided to open don Quijote USA, which will be able to bring AmeriSpan’s business to you with our professional way of working and financial support by fulfilling our obligations on time. In the past days, we decided to take all the assets of AmeriSpan including the website, trademark and intellectual know-how from AmeriSpan Unlimited Inc and John Slocum’s control before the situation got any worse. I don’t want that all of us lose anymore from this mismanagement of the organization. I plan to continue working with the majority of the schools of AmeriSpan and grow the business for all of us. I will be hiring some of the AmeriSpan employees and fresh, new people at don Quijote USA. All financial management will be handled by myself from our head office in Madrid. If you are interested in working with don Quijote USA: 1. We will pay for all AmeriSpan students starting after January 1st, 2007 2. We will need a good commission to increase the business & promotion of your school 3. We really want to create a strong partnership with you 4. We will integrate the promotion of your school in our offices in UK, Netherlands, Spain, Mexico,and soon in China. I expect to be contacted by you and many other organizations in the coming days and weeks, please be patient but I will respond to everyone.

Effect of Information Technology on the Operations

EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 The Effect of Information Technology on the Growth of the Banking Industry in Nigeria P. A. Idowu Dept of Computer Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ife-Ife Nigeria A. O. Alu Dept of Management and Accounting Obafemi Awolowo University Ife-Ife Nigeria E. R. Adagunodo Dept of Computer Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ife-Ife Nigeria ABSTRACT The advent of Information Technology (IT) is rapidly changing the banking industry. In this study, the impact of IT on the banking industry in Nigeria is described.A questionnaire was employed to collect data from customers at five major banks in Nigeria on the extent to which customers believe that IT exerts an impact on banking services. The results of the study clearly indicate that IT has contributed immensely to the growth of the banking industry in Nigeria. Keywords: Information Technology, Banking, Nigeria. 1. INTRODUCTION A powerful force drives the world towards a converging comm onality, and that force is technology (Levitt, 1992). From the beginning of the human era, technology has been one of the most essential and most important factors for the development of mankind (Coombs et al. , 1987).During the last two hundred years, technological changes have often been related to economic growth in the form of new types of goods and services. Smith (1776) first wrote about technical changes in the form of new machines as one of the three important causes of increasing incomes more than 200 years ago. Information Technology (IT) can be defined as the modern handling of information by electronic means, which involves its access, storage, processing, transportation or transfer and delivery (Ige 1995). Research shows that IT affects financial institutions by easing enquiry, saving time, and improving service delivery (Alu, 2002).IT also provides solutions to the needs of modern societies in health care delivery, library services, education, and communication network s within organizations, etc. Some available telecommunication and information technologies which are presently being used in the banking industry in Nigeria are telephone, facsimile, wireless radiophone, very small aperture terminal satellite (VSAT), telegraphy, and computer systems (Ugwu, 1999). According to Alu (2002), some banks in Nigeria have LANs (Local Area Network) in most of their branches but none of the banks have deployed home banking applications. . BANKING IN NIGERIA As a result of the increased demand for customer deposits, Nigerian banks, especially the new generation banks, have realized the imperative of good and prompt customer service. Also, due to the fact that some customers lost their deposits in the erstwhile technically-insolvent or distressed banks, customers have now become wiser, more discerning, alert and sophisticated with regards to The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. ejisdc. org EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 2 hoosing where it is safe to put their money, and where they would be served promptly, preferably in a pleasant, courteous and friendly environment. Thus, they have started looking at the level of service and professionalism of the banks before depositing their funds. Proximity to the bank is no longer the issue: safety and the level of service, with regard to quality, speed and efficiency has become the major imperative. On the part of the banks, they have realized that one way in which they can provide quality service is through the use of technology.Hence, there is a growing rate of adopting new technologies in Nigerian banking operations. Moreover, there is growing evidence that customers have started associating quality of service in a bank with the bank’s possession of an online, real-time system. In fact, possession of such a system is now judged to be the sine qua non of a high quality banking service in Nigeria. So, for a bank to be perceived as providing high qualit y service, that bank has to have an IT system, which it uses to deliver services to customers in a more timely, friendly and considerate manner, at no extra cost to the customers.Despite the fact that many of the new generation banks base their marketing strategy on the possession of supposedly on line, real-time systems, they find that their systems’ links are down for about 50 percent of the time. Many customers feel cheated by this reality and complain about the incessant ‘downtimes’. They were promised an online, real-time system, only to find out that the banks’ systems are down at least half the time, and that the national carrier, NITEL (Nigeria Telecommunication), is to blame.Whilst the responsibility of NITEL cannot be denied, many customers still feel that it is the responsibility of the affected banks to take care of these problems, and that they should be given the nationwide, online, real-time banking service they were promised. Faced with thi s dilemma, many banks in the country are resorting to alternative personal solutions by using the Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) satellite systems, for long distance electronic communication. For short distances, the MDS (Metropolitan Digital Services) system is often used.The problem here is that all the banks are trying to procure appropriate VSATs independent of one another. In other words, there is no collaboration between the banks in sourcing this very expensive technology and thereby providing a cost-effective solution to the problem. It would also be fair to say that Nigerian banks are generally imbued with an overly competitive mind -set, which tends to foreclose the benefits of synergy or collaboration in solving most of their common problems. 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGYIn order to assess the perceptions of banking customers in Nigeria with respect to the quality of banking services, a questionnaire survey was conducted. A ‘grab sampling’ technique was used t o select the customers from the banks. Five commercial banks in Nigeria – Wema Bank Plc, Union Bank of Nigeria Plc, Omega Bank Plc, Cooperative Bank Plc, and Access Bank Plc. – were selected for this sampling on the basis that they have branches in almost all the states in Nigeria and they make use of computers in almost all their branches.The researchers visited the banks during working hours and the questionnaires were given to the customers as they visited the banks. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed in this way. 260 questionnaires were returned to the researchers, a response rate of 52%. The survey instrument can be found in the Appendix. In addition, the researchers conducted personal interviews with five bank managers and fifteen IT staff in order to gain an appreciation of what types of IT systems and electronic application services The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. jisdc. org EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 3 were available in the selected banks. The responses were measured with a fivepoint Likert-type rating scale, where Strongly Agree (SA) = 4; Agree (A) = 3; Strongly Disagree (SD) = 2; Disagree (D) = 1; and Neutral (N) = 0, while the scores f r o negative items were reversed. 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1 shows the IT systems that are being used in the selected banks. Telephone, Facsimile, Local Area Network, computer system, MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition), were used in all the banks.Also Wema, Omega and Access banks used Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT), Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT), and wireless radiophone. The researchers were able to identify IT devices available in the selected banks from personal interview conducted with the 5 branch managers and 15 IT staff in the banks. Table 1: IT systems and electronic application service in the selected banks Types of IT systems Wema Omega Union Co-op Access Telephone X X X X X Wireless radiophone X X X Facsimile X X X X X Computer X X X X X Electronic Mail VSAT X X XLocal Area Network X X X X X MICR X X X X X EFT X X X 4. 1 Effect of IT on Banking Services The effect of IT on an enquiry on a customer’s state of account, and services enjoyed by the customers from the banks as perceived by the banks’ customers, are shown in Table 2. Out of the 260 respondents, 86. 2% agreed that IT was really helping the bank they patronized, while 90. 8% agreed that IT made the enquiry about the state of their accounts faster. Also, 83. 1% agreed that IT had a great positive impact on the services rendered by the banks.The means of 3. 12, 3. 29 and 3. 07 respectively for the selected banks' respondents confirmed that IT has a positive effect on the enquiry of customers’ state of account and services enjoyed by the customers from the selected banks. Generally, the effects of IT on the enquiry of the customer’s state of account and services enjoyed by the customers from the banks have an appreciable influence on any bank. The use of a LAN and computer systems have ensured quick and improved services delivery to customers by the banks.But it may be important to state that the use and application of these electronic devices are hampered by the inadequacy of infrastructural facilities like power supply. 4. 2 Effects of IT on Customer Services Table 3 shows the response of customers from the banks with respect to the effect of IT on customer services provision. About 66. 5% disagreed that IT had no effect on services rendered by the banks. Also 82. 7% agreed that there is a need to improve on the services rendered by these banks. The means of 2. 77 and 2. 4 respectively confirmed that IT has effects on services rendered by these banks to their customers and about 83% of the respondents agreed that the banks need to improve on the The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. ejisdc. org EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 4 services rendered to the customers. This shows that the services the banks are offering now are not the best they can offer to their customers and that the banks should improve on these services to their customers. Table 2: Effects of IT on Banking Services Question SD IT/computer is really helping this 2. bank IT makes enquiry about the state 2. 3 of my account faster IT/computer has a great positive 2. 3 impact on the services rendered by this bank D 4. 6 N 6. 9 A 43. 9 SA 42. 3 Mean 3. 12 0 6. 9 36. 6 54. 2 3. 29 4. 6 10 37. 3 45. 8 3. 07 N 9. 7 A 18. 8 SA 5. 0 Mean 2. 77 10. 4 50. 4 32. 3 2. 94 Table 3: Effects of IT on Customer Services Question SD D I don’t think IT has any effect on 34. 6 31. 9 services rendered There is a need to improve the 0 6. 9 services rendered by this bank Table 4: Promptness and efficiency of services as perceived by the customers Question SD DN A SA Mean I enjoy prompt and efficient service 0 16. 2 9. 2 37. 7 36. 9 2. 93 delivery I was once delayed in the bank 16. 5 31. 5 6. 9 32. 7 12. 4 2. 38 because the computer was down IT does not increase prompt and 43. 1 42. 7 4. 6 7. 3 2. 3 3. 17 efficient service delivery 4. 3 Promptness and efficiency of services as perceived by the customers From Table 4, about 75% of the respondents agreed that they enjoyed prompt and efficient service delivery from the banks. The mean of 2. 93 shows that IT enables the banks to provide prompt and efficient services to their customers.Questions 3 and 7 (see Appendix) are similar, but the reaction of the respondents confirmed the conclusion above because about 85% of the respondents agreed that IT has increased prompt and efficient service delivery by the banks. Also, on the issue of delay due to computer down times, only 44. 9% of the respondents agreed that they were once delayed in the bank because the computer was down, though this might be due to the epileptic power supply and inefficient telecommunication infrastructure in Nigeria. The mean of 2. 93 conf irmed that most of the time, customers go to the bank when computers are not down. 4. Influence of IT on patronage as perceived by the customers Table 5 gives responses on the influence of IT on patronage as perceived by the customers. 70% of respondents agreed that based on the efficiency and effectiveness of services rendered, they could encourage their colleagues to patronize the banks they used. Also, 65. 8% of the customers agreed that the banks' use of IT encouraged them to patronize the banks they use. The means of 2. 47 and 2. 52 respectively show that IT encourages customers to patronize the banks. The The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. jisdc. org EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 5 use of computers, telephone, VSAT, and EFT has contributed immensely to the growth of banking industry. In Nigeria presently, some banks are not making use of IT and those banks are being patronized by few customers, the majority of whom are illiterate and poor. This makes the turnover of these banks low. Table 5: Influence of IT on patronage as perceived by the customers Question SD D N A SA I can encourage my colleagues to 4. 6 5. 0 20. 4 47. 3 22. 7 patronize this bank IT/Computer encourages 2. 3 9. 6 22. 3 32. 7 33. 1 customers to patronize this bankMean 2. 47 2. 52 Table 6: Perception of customers on the ease of conducting banking transactions Question SD D N A SA Mean Saving or withdrawing money is 21. 9 36. 9 7. 3 31. 2 2. 7 2. 63 time consuming IT eases banking transactions 2. 3 2. 3 9. 6 50. 0 35. 8 3. 10 4. 5 Perception of customers on the ease of banking transactions Table 6 above shows that 58. 8% of customers disagreed that saving and withdrawal of money is time consuming. Also, 85. 5% agreed that IT eases banking transactions. The means for questions 6 and 13 (see Appendix) are 2. 63 and 3. 00 respectively. The mean of 2. 3 for question 6 (see Appendix) shows that some respondents agreed that saving and withdrawal of mon ey is time consuming despite the use of IT in those banks. Table 7: Effects of IT on the interaction between cashiers and customers Question SD D N A SA IT has reduced the interaction 15. 0 30. 4 17. 7 27. 3 9. 6 between cashiers and customers Mean 2. 15 4. 6 Effects of IT on the interaction between cashiers and customers Table 7 shows that 36. 9% agreed with the view that IT has reduced the interaction between customers and cashiers, 17. 7% are indifferent to the question and 45. 4% disagreed with the view with a mean of 2. 15. 4. 7Effects of IT on cashiers’ work The rates at which cashiers in the banks attend to their customers depend on the equipment available for the cashiers to work with. From Table 8, 83. 1% agreed that computer speeds up cashiers' work, while 10% disagree and 6. 9% are indifferent. The mean of 3. 12 confirmed that IT/Computer really affect the rates at which cashiers’ attend to their customers. Generally, the use of electronic devices like compu ter telephone, facsimile, etc. will go a long way to increase the speed of the cashiers’ work. Table 8: Effects of IT on cashiers’ work Question SD Computers really speed up 2. 7 cashiers’ work D 7. N 6. 9 A 37. 3 SA 45. 8 The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. ejisdc. org Mean 3. 12 EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 6 4. 8 IT and bank’s productivity From Table 9, 81. 5% agreed that the use of IT increases bank productivity in that with the use of IT, the bank can attend to a lot of customers since IT speeds up cashiers' work. The mean of 2. 98 shows that IT has a positive effect on the growth and productivity of the banks. There is no bank that can make use of one or combination of two or more of the IT systems listed in Table 1, which will not have effects on the productivity of the bank.Table 9: IT and the productivity of the bank Question SD D IT increases the bank’s productivity 0 4. 6 5. N 13. 8 A 37. 3 SA 4 4. 2 Mean 2. 98 CONCLUSION The study has dealt with the effects of IT as perceived by customers on selected commercial banks in Nigeria, which make use of IT in their operation. The study revealed that IT has appreciable positive effects on the bank productivity, cashiers’ work, banking transaction, bank patronage, bank services delivery, customers services, and bank services.These affect the growth of the banking industry in Nigeria positively because customers can now collect money from any branches of their bank. Also customers do not need to move about with large sums of money, and customers are being attended to within a short period of time. The study also revealed that telephones, computer systems, LANs, and Facsimile services are available in nearly all the banks making using of IT in Nigeria while WANs (Wide Area Network), Electronic File Transfer, and wireless phones are available in some of the banks. This finding confirms Alu’s (2002) claims on the IT devic es available in Nigerian banks.Research has shown also that IT is really helping these banks, so other banks in Nigeria that are not making use of the IT are encouraged to do so. From the study, the major hindrance to the use of IT in the banking industry in Nigeria is inadequate electric power supply. Electricity supply is not regular because of the limitation of the machine that is supplying electricity to Nigeria. Furthermore, the Nigerian government is finding it difficult to equip the NEPA (National Electric Power Authority) while the demand for electricity is increasing daily.Therefore, the situation will continue to worsen until the Nigerian government funds NEPA appropriately. So, for this nation to be effective in the use of IT in the banking industry and to make the banking industry grow in an appropriate way, there is a need for the Nigerian government to find a solution to the epileptic supply of electricity throughout the country, since NEPA is owned by Nigerian governm ent and there is no private company in Nigeria that provides electricity. The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. ejisdc. org EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 6. 7 REFERENCES Alu, A.O. (2000) Effects of Information Technology on Customer Services in the Banking Industry in Nigeria, M. B. A. Thesis in Management and Accounting, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. Coombs, R. , Saviotti, P. and Walsh, V. (1987) Economics and Technological Change, Macmillan: London. Ige, O. (1995) Information Technology in a De-regulated Telecommunications Environment, Keynote address, INFOTECH 95. First International Conference on Information Technology Management, Lagos, November 16-17. Levitt, T. (1992) The Globalization of Markets, in: Transnational Management: Text, Cases and Readings in Cross-Border Management.Richard D. Irwin. Smith, Adam (1776): The Wealth of Nations Ugwu, L. O. (1999): Assessment of Impacts of Information Technology on Selected Service Indust ries in South Western Nigeria, MSc. Thesis in technology Management, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria. APPENDIX Dear Respondent, This questionnaire is designed for a research work from the department of Management & Accounting, OAU, Ife. Please, FILL IN correct information, all the information will be treated confidentially and the information will be used for this research work only. Thanks. Please tick [ ] or fill where appropriate.SECTION A 1. Sex : A. MALE [ ] B. FEMALE [ ] 2. Age: A. 18-25 ( ) B. 26-35 ( ) C. 36- 45 ( ) D. 46 & above ( ) 3. Educational qualification: A. WASCE( ) B. OND/NCE( ) C. Bsc/BA( ) D. Msc/PhD( ) E. Others Specify †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4. For how long have you been using this bank? A. 0- 2yrs ( ) B. 3-5yrs ( ) C. 6- 8 ( ) D. 9 & above( ) 5. What type of account do you operate? A. Current( ) B. Savings( ) C. Others specify †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6. My Account here is mainly for A. Business( ) B. Salary( ) C . Others specify †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7. For how many hours do you spend on queue ? A.Less than1 ( ) B. 1-2 ( ) C. 3-4 ( ) D. 5 & above( ). The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. ejisdc. org EJISDC (2002) 10, 2, 1-8 8 SECTION B Strongly Disagree 1. 13. Agree IT increases bank productivity 15. Neutral IT/Computer is really helping this bank I don’t think IT has effect on the bank’s operation I enjoy prompt and efficient service delivery I will encourage my colleagues to patronize this bank IT does not increase prompt and efficient service delivery To save or withdraw money is time consuming I was once delayed in the bank ecause the computer was down IT makes enquiry about the state of my account faster IT/computer has a great positive impact on the growth of this bank IT/Computer has reduced the interaction of the Cashiers with customers IT/Computer encourages customers to patronize this bank Computer really speed up cashiers’ work IT improves transactions 14. Disagree There is a need to improve the services rendered by this bank 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www. ejisdc. org Strongly Agree

Analysis of Forrest Gump - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 736 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Cinematographic Art Essay Level High school Tags: Forrest Gump Essay Did you like this example? Forrest Gump is a movie directed by Robert Zemecki, based on a book written by Winston Groom. I chose to analyze this movie using Fosters methods because it is already such a heart wrenching movie, but when you dig even deeper, you start to notice things you didnt see before. At first glance, the movie is taking us through the life of Forrest Gump. Quite an adventurous life ranging from losing a friend in war, to finding out he has a son, and just about every other plot twist you could think of in between. After reading How to Read Literature like a Professor, I was able to pick things out and make opinions of my own about the movie that were deeper than the average, I dont like it or What great acting! The first thing I picked out was how significant the feather in the beginning really is. I watched the movie twice before recognizing it as anymore than a feather. In Fosters book, How to Read Literature like a Professor, he discusses symbols (chapter 12). He teaches us that symbols arent always obvious, that symbols cant be reduced to standing for only one thing. (pg 98, Foster) and that they are universal. The white feather is a symbolic object that counts as a sign. In western culture, the shade white commonly symbolizes innocence. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis of Forrest Gump" essay for you Create order The color of the feather is significant because it seems to show the innocence and purity of Forrest Gump. The audience connects the feather to Forrest Gump when it finally lands on his shoe. The feather can also be connected to one of the most famous quotes from the movie, Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what youre gonna get. Although it may seem like a stretch, the feather is filmed for two minutes. In those two minutes, the feather is blown to random places, on top of cars, different peoples shoulders, the ground, etc. It shows how random life can be and that you never know what lies in your path. I think the director did this to introduce us to the character of Forrest Gump and to give us a look into what the movie is going to be about. In my opinion, Jennys departure from Forrests house, AND her No answer to his proposal for marriage are inextricably linked. Its obvious that Jenny and Forrest loved each other as best friends from the time they first met. There was absolutely nothing that one of them could do that would break that bond with the other. But did Jenny love Forrest like a woman would love a husband? Yes is my vote, and here is why. From Day 1, Jenny saw into Forrests heart and soul beyond leg braces and beyond low IQ and saw a good, good man. So why say No to his proposal? Its because she did not see herself as worthy of being Forrests wife. She is the only one in the world who knows just how much her lifes conduct has driven her away (and below) from being a worthy wife. Please look at the dialog between them at his proposal, or view this YouTube clip. Aside from Forrests understandable surprise, these are exactly the actions that a husband and wife would do. Jenny knows all too well how to practice bi rth control. And she knows all too well that she is not doing so. She owned up to the only part of being a wife that she would allow herself to attain. So why did she leave? As loving friends, she probably would have stayed quite a while. As a prospective wife, she could not bear to be in his presence. She did not see herself as being in his league. In her mind, she had to leave. That was her loving gesture to him so that he could find someone who was worthy of him. She knew he would not understand, so she left in a manner that would cause the least pain to him. Unfortunately, its only until she is dying that she realizes that Forrest sees her heart and soul as much as she sees his. Its only after he offers to take care of her that she realizes that thats all he sees: a great person that has always been worthy to be his wife. And that is why she proposes to him. Of course, he accepts.